Instructions for Glass Fiber Winding Machine (Simplified Version)

Glass fiber winding machines are specialized equipment for manufacturing cylindrical or rotational composite products (such as pipes, tanks, and pressure vessels) by winding glass fiber yarns impregnated with resin around a rotating mandrel. The core process includes "mandrel rotation - fiber pay-off & resin impregnation - precise winding - curing & demolding". Below is the key information organized concisely:

I. Core Components and Functions

Mandrel Drive System: Drives the mandrel (mold for product shape) to rotate at a stable speed (5-50 rpm, adjustable). It ensures uniform winding tension and matches the linear speed of the winding head, supporting mandrels of different diameters (100-3000mm) and lengths (2-15m).

Fiber Pay-Off Unit: Consists of multiple yarn creels (holding alkali-free glass fiber yarns, 200-1000tex) and tension controllers. It releases yarns synchronously with consistent tension (tension error ≤5%) to avoid yarn breakage or slack.

Resin Impregnation Tank: Applies resin (epoxy, vinyl ester, or polyester resin) evenly to the glass fiber yarns. It controls resin content (30%-50% of the composite weight) via adjustable squeeze rollers and has a circulation system to reduce resin waste.

Winding Head Mechanism: Moves axially along the mandrel while guiding the impregnated fiber yarns to wind according to preset patterns (helical, hoop, or mixed winding). It uses a servo motor for precise positioning (positioning accuracy ±0.1mm) to ensure uniform fiber layer distribution.

Curing System: Cures the wound product to solidify the resin. It adopts either hot air curing (temperature 60-120℃, curing time 2-8 hours) or infrared curing, with a temperature control accuracy of ±2℃ to guarantee curing quality.

Demolding Device: Separates the cured composite product from the mandrel safely, using hydraulic or mechanical ejection to avoid product deformation.

II. Core Technical Parameters

Winding Speed: Linear speed 1-5m/min (adjustable based on product size and fiber type);

Product Range: Diameter 100-3000mm, length 2-15m (customizable for special sizes);

Fiber Content Control: 50%-70% (mass ratio, adjustable via resin impregnation amount);

Winding Accuracy: Fiber layer thickness error ±0.2mm, winding angle error ±1°;

Curing Efficiency: Cures products with wall thickness 5-50mm within 2-8 hours.

III. Operation and Maintenance Tips

(I) Operation Process

Pre-Operation: Install the mandrel, adjust its rotation speed and winding head movement parameters, prepare resin (mix with curing agent), and preheat the curing system;

Winding Stage: Start the mandrel, release fibers to impregnate with resin, and let the winding head wind fibers according to the preset pattern;

Post-Operation: Cure the product, demold after cooling, and clean the resin tank and winding head.

(II) Maintenance & Safety

Daily: Clean resin residues on squeeze rollers and winding head; check yarn tension controllers;

Regular: Lubricate the mandrel drive and winding head guide rails monthly; calibrate servo positioning quarterly;

Safety: Wear protective gloves and goggles when handling resin; stop the machine before adjusting mandrel or winding parameters.

IV. Selection Recommendations

For Small Products (pipes <500mm diameter): Choose mini winding machines with single mandrel and basic curing functions;

For Large Products (tanks >1000mm diameter): Select heavy-duty machines with dual mandrels (for continuous production) and high-temperature curing systems;

For High-Precision Products (pressure vessels): Prioritize machines with real-time winding tension monitoring and automatic resin content control.

V. Industry Standards

Equipment complies with Technical Specifications for Glass Fiber Composite Winding Machinery;

Finished products meet China GB/T 21238 (glass fiber reinforced plastic pipes) and international ASTM D2996 standards, with key indicators: compressive strength ≥120MPa, flexural strength ≥150MPa.